Alabama
Prop tax 0.41% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
Low property tax, low closing costs overall.
State reference
Closing costs & property taxes by state
What you’ll actually pay at closing varies enormously by state. This table shows effective property tax rates, transfer/recordation taxes by side, and typical buyer closing-cost ranges. Use it to sanity-check the figures in the Closing Cost Estimator.
AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DC DE FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY
| State | Property tax | Transfer (buyer) | Transfer (seller) | Total closing | Owner’s title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama AL | 0.41% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Alaska AK | 1.19% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2.5-4% | buyer |
| Arizona AZ | 0.66% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | split |
| Arkansas AR | 0.62% | 0.00% | 0.33% | 2-3% | split |
| California CA | 0.74% | 0.00% | 0.11% | 2-4% | split |
| Colorado CO | 0.51% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 2-3% | seller |
| Connecticut CT | 1.79% | 0.00% | 0.75% | 3-5% | buyer |
| D.C. DC | 0.62% | 1.45% | 1.45% | 4-6% | buyer |
| Delaware DE | 0.57% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 4-6% | buyer |
| Florida FL | 0.91% | 0.00% | 0.70% | 3-5% | seller |
| Georgia GA | 0.92% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Hawaii HI | 0.31% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | split |
| Idaho ID | 0.74% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | seller |
| Illinois IL | 2.27% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 3-5% | seller |
| Indiana IN | 0.84% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | split |
| Iowa IA | 1.50% | 0.00% | 0.16% | 2-3% | seller |
| Kansas KS | 1.41% | 0.10% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Kentucky KY | 0.83% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Louisiana LA | 0.55% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Maine ME | 1.36% | 0.22% | 0.22% | 3-4% | buyer |
| Maryland MD | 1.09% | 0.50% | 0.50% | 4-6% | buyer |
| Massachusetts MA | 1.22% | 0.00% | 0.46% | 3-5% | buyer |
| Michigan MI | 1.54% | 0.00% | 0.86% | 3-4% | seller |
| Minnesota MN | 1.12% | 0.23% | 0.00% | 3-4% | buyer |
| Mississippi MS | 0.81% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Missouri MO | 0.97% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Montana MT | 0.84% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | split |
| Nebraska NE | 1.73% | 0.00% | 0.23% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Nevada NV | 0.59% | 0.00% | 0.13% | 2-3% | seller |
| New Hampshire NH | 2.18% | 0.75% | 0.75% | 4-6% | buyer |
| New Jersey NJ | 2.49% | 0.00% | 0.85% | 4-6% | buyer |
| New Mexico NM | 0.80% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| New York NY | 1.72% | 0.00% | 0.40% | 4-8% | buyer |
| North Carolina NC | 0.84% | 0.00% | 0.20% | 2-3% | buyer |
| North Dakota ND | 0.98% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Ohio OH | 1.59% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Oklahoma OK | 0.89% | 0.00% | 0.07% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Oregon OR | 0.94% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | split |
| Pennsylvania PA | 1.49% | 0.50% | 0.50% | 4-5% | buyer |
| Rhode Island RI | 1.53% | 0.00% | 0.46% | 3-4% | buyer |
| South Carolina SC | 0.57% | 0.00% | 0.37% | 2-3% | buyer |
| South Dakota SD | 1.31% | 0.00% | 0.10% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Tennessee TN | 0.71% | 0.12% | 0.37% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Texas TX | 1.74% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Utah UT | 0.63% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Vermont VT | 1.86% | 1.25% | 0.00% | 3-4% | buyer |
| Virginia VA | 0.87% | 0.25% | 0.10% | 3-4% | buyer |
| Washington WA | 0.98% | 0.00% | 1.78% | 3-5% | split |
| West Virginia WV | 0.58% | 0.00% | 0.22% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Wisconsin WI | 1.85% | 0.00% | 0.30% | 2-3% | buyer |
| Wyoming WY | 0.61% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 2-3% | buyer |
Notes by state
Alaska
Prop tax 1.19% · Closing 2.5-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
No state transfer tax. Some boroughs charge their own.
Arizona
Prop tax 0.66% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
No transfer tax. Splits owner's title 50/50 by custom.
Arkansas
Prop tax 0.62% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
$3.30/$1,000 documentary stamp on deed (seller).
California
Prop tax 0.74% · Closing 2-4% · Owner’s title: split
Prop 13 keeps existing-owner taxes low; buyers reassess at sale price. Many cities (SF 0.5-3%, LA 0.45-5.5%, Oakland 1-2.5%) layer city transfer tax on top of state's 0.11%.
Colorado
Prop tax 0.51% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: seller
Token state transfer fee. A handful of mountain towns (Avon, Telluride, Vail, Crested Butte) charge 1-2% local.
Connecticut
Prop tax 1.79% · Closing 3-5% · Owner’s title: buyer
Seller pays state conveyance tax 0.75% (1.25% for portion above $800k). Local conveyance 0.25%-0.5%.
D.C.
Prop tax 0.62% · Closing 4-6% · Owner’s title: buyer
Both buyer (recordation) and seller (transfer) pay 1.45% — total 2.9% of price changes hands.
Delaware
Prop tax 0.57% · Closing 4-6% · Owner’s title: buyer
Total 4% transfer tax split 50/50 — one of the highest in the nation.
Florida
Prop tax 0.91% · Closing 3-5% · Owner’s title: seller
Documentary stamp on deed: 0.70% (Miami-Dade 0.60%). Buyer pays mortgage doc stamp 0.35% + intangible tax 0.20%. Seller customarily pays owner's title.
Georgia
Prop tax 0.92% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$1/$1,000 transfer tax. Buyer pays intangible recording tax 0.30% on the loan.
Hawaii
Prop tax 0.31% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
Lowest property tax in the nation. Conveyance tax 0.10-1.25% sliding by price; >$10M = 1.25%.
Idaho
Prop tax 0.74% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: seller
No transfer tax.
Illinois
Prop tax 2.27% · Closing 3-5% · Owner’s title: seller
State 0.10% + county 0.05% + city varies (Chicago 0.75% buyer + 0.45% seller; total Chicago 1.50%). Property tax among highest in US.
Indiana
Prop tax 0.84% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
No transfer tax.
Iowa
Prop tax 1.50% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: seller
Real estate transfer tax $0.80/$500 (effectively 0.16%). No title insurance — uses state-run Title Guaranty system instead (~$110 flat).
Kansas
Prop tax 1.41% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
Mortgage registration tax 0.10% on loan amount.
Kentucky
Prop tax 0.83% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$0.50/$500 transfer tax (0.10%) — among the lowest.
Louisiana
Prop tax 0.55% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No state transfer tax (Orleans Parish charges $325 documentary fee).
Maine
Prop tax 1.36% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
Real estate transfer tax 0.44% total, split equally.
Maryland
Prop tax 1.09% · Closing 4-6% · Owner’s title: buyer
Total ~1% state recordation + transfer split between parties, plus county fees (0.5-1.5%). Among the highest closing-cost states.
Massachusetts
Prop tax 1.22% · Closing 3-5% · Owner’s title: buyer
$4.56/$1,000 deed excise tax (seller). Counties may add their own.
Michigan
Prop tax 1.54% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: seller
$8.60/$1,000 state + county transfer tax — relatively high.
Minnesota
Prop tax 1.12% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
Mortgage registry tax 0.23% on loan + deed tax 0.33% paid by seller.
Mississippi
Prop tax 0.81% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax.
Missouri
Prop tax 0.97% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax.
Montana
Prop tax 0.84% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
No transfer tax.
Nebraska
Prop tax 1.73% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$2.25/$1,000 documentary stamp (seller).
Nevada
Prop tax 0.59% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: seller
Real property transfer tax varies by county (Clark/LV 0.51%, Washoe/Reno 0.255%). Seller customary.
New Hampshire
Prop tax 2.18% · Closing 4-6% · Owner’s title: buyer
Real estate transfer tax 1.5% total split — high. NH has no income tax but property tax is among highest.
New Jersey
Prop tax 2.49% · Closing 4-6% · Owner’s title: buyer
Realty transfer fee scales 0.4-1.21% by price. Buyer pays additional 1% mansion tax on residences >$1M. Highest property tax in nation.
New Mexico
Prop tax 0.80% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax. Title insurance is promulgated rate (set by state).
New York
Prop tax 1.72% · Closing 4-8% · Owner’s title: buyer
State 0.4% transfer + NYC 1.0-2.625% RPTT (seller) + buyer mansion tax 1-3.9% on >$1M. Buyer also pays mortgage recording tax 0.5-1.05% (NY state) plus 1.8-1.925% in NYC. CEMA refis can mitigate this.
North Carolina
Prop tax 0.84% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$1/$500 excise tax (seller).
North Dakota
Prop tax 0.98% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax.
Ohio
Prop tax 1.59% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$1/$1,000 conveyance fee + permissive county fee up to $3/$1,000.
Oklahoma
Prop tax 0.89% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$0.75/$1,000 documentary stamp + $0.10/$1,000 mortgage tax.
Oregon
Prop tax 0.94% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: split
No state transfer tax (Washington County only — 0.10%).
Pennsylvania
Prop tax 1.49% · Closing 4-5% · Owner’s title: buyer
State 1% + local typically 1% (Philadelphia 4.278% total). Title insurance is promulgated and reissue-rated.
Rhode Island
Prop tax 1.53% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
$2.30/$500 documentary stamp.
South Carolina
Prop tax 0.57% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
Deed recording fee $1.85/$500 + state $1/$500.
South Dakota
Prop tax 1.31% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$0.50/$500 transfer tax — low.
Tennessee
Prop tax 0.71% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
Indebtedness tax on mortgage 0.115% (buyer); seller transfer 0.37%.
Texas
Prop tax 1.74% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
NO transfer tax. Title insurance is promulgated rate (set by state, low). Property tax among highest. Survey often required.
Utah
Prop tax 0.63% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax.
Vermont
Prop tax 1.86% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
Property transfer tax 1.25% on amount >$100k for primary residence (lower tier 0.5% on first $100k). Buyer pays.
Virginia
Prop tax 0.87% · Closing 3-4% · Owner’s title: buyer
Recordation tax 0.25% buyer, 0.10% seller (grantor tax).
Washington
Prop tax 0.98% · Closing 3-5% · Owner’s title: split
Real estate excise tax sliding 1.10-3.0% by price (seller). Among the highest seller-side burdens.
West Virginia
Prop tax 0.58% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
State $1.10/$500 + most counties match.
Wisconsin
Prop tax 1.85% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
$3/$1,000 transfer fee (seller).
Wyoming
Prop tax 0.61% · Closing 2-3% · Owner’s title: buyer
No transfer tax.
Sources & caveats
Property tax rates are statewide effective averages from Tax Foundation and U.S. Census ACS data
(2023-2024). Transfer/recordation rates reflect statewide statutes; many states allow counties or
cities to add additional tax (Chicago, San Francisco, Manhattan all add 0.5-3%+ on top of state).
Closing-cost ranges are buyer-side typical for owner-occupied purchases — refis and investment
properties differ. “Owner’s title” reflects customary practice; it’s
negotiable in every state. Always confirm current rates with a local real-estate attorney or
title officer before relying on these for actual transactions.